臭氧杀虫除霉实仓试验

FIELD TEST OF OZONE CONTROLLING STORED-GRAIN INSECTS AND MOLDS

用浓度为 10 0～ 12 0ppm的O3在房式仓中对储藏的稻谷进行墙角局部 (约 2m2 )杀虫和防霉试验 ,3天后玉米象全部被杀死 ,6天后谷蠹全部被杀死 ,10天后赤拟谷盗全部被杀死 ,同时粮食的上、中、下层的平均水分由处理前的 14 .6 %降至 11.5 %。经过 1天处理后 ,粮堆原有轻微霉味的部位气味明显消除 ;经对样品的带菌量、菌相检测 ,处理 5天后的粮食霉菌带菌量由处理前的 30 0 0个 /g下降为 4 5个 /g ,储藏性霉菌也由多种典型真菌减少到只有 2种 ,而且检出率明显下降 :黄曲霉由 6 %降为 2 % ,灰绿曲霉由 10 %降为 4 % ,白曲霉、黑曲霉和青霉均下降为零。经对处理前、处理结束时、处理后 15天样品的出糙率、整精米率、黄粒米、脂肪酸值、粘度、裂纹率等品质指标进行测定 。

100～120ppm concentration of O 3 were tested to control stored-grain insects and molds in the corner(about 2m 2) of the warehouse.The results showed that the mortality of insects was 100% after 3 days for Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky),6 days for Phizopertha dominica(Fab.),and 10 days for Tribolium ferrugineum(Fab.).The average moisture content of the paddy in upper,middle and bottom bulk was reduced from 14.6% to 11.5%.After 1 day treatment with ozone,the mild musty odor of the grain bulk dispersed significantly.After 5days treatment,the mould count declined from 3000cfu/g to 45 cfu/g and the species also reduced to only 2 species.The fungus contamination showed a declined trend:the detected rates of A.flavus,A.Glaucus,A.candidus,A.niger and P.Freguentans were from 6% to 2%,10% to 4%,18% to 0,4% to 0,6% to 0 respectively.The quality indexes such as broken rice yield,whole white rice,yellow rice,fatty acid value,viscosity,broken rate and crackle rate were determined before treatment,just finished the treatment and 15 days after treatment finished.The results showed that the treated grain did not have a tendency of quick aging.