中国人胎儿脊柱的生长发育

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SPINAL COLUMN OF CHINESE FETUSES

本文报道用 X 线摄片的方法,研究了194例胎儿(胎龄12～35周)脊柱的骨化及其生长动态。结果:1.提供了各胎龄组胎儿脊柱颈、胸、腰、骶、尾段的长轴生长发育资料,并计算出回归方程,根据胎龄可精确推算各段长度。2.报道骶椎和尾椎原发骨化点出现顺序的规律,有助于胎龄判断和骨发育的估计。女性骨化点的出现比男性略提前,呈现一定性差。3.胎儿脊柱各段全长以胸段最长,依次是腰、颈、骶段;每个椎体单位以腰椎最长,依次是胸、骶、颈椎。在12～35周之间,每个椎体单位平均增长以腰椎最快,依次是胸、颈、骶椎;而与原来长度相比,增加倍数的顺序也是腰、胸、颈、骶椎。

The ossification and development of the spinal column in 194 Chinese fetuses were studied with radiographic method.Fetal age ranged from 12-35 weeks were divided into 20 groups.The results were as follows:1.A series of data of longitu- dinal growth of cervical,thoracic,lumbar,sacral and coccygeal regions in different fetal age groups was obtained,and the regression equations were presented.It is possible to estimate the length of various regions of vertebral column accurately according to fetal-age.2.The sequence of development of the primary ossification centres in sacral and coccygeal regions was found.The regular pattern will be help- ful to determine the fetal-age and the development of bone.It is confirmed that the appearance of ossification centres is earlier in female than that in male.There is an existence of sexual difference.3.The total length of the thoracic region is always the longest while that of the lumbar,cervical and sacral being progressively shorter.In comparison with the length of average“vertebral unit”,the lumbar is the longest,cervical the shortest,thoracic is longer than sacral.During the period of 12-35 weeks,the sequence of the length increased is lumbar,thoracic,cervical,and sacral,and comparing with original length,it is also lumbar,thoracic,cervical,and sacral.