论公用事业的特许经营

Franchised Management of Public Utilities

特许经营已成为吸引社会资本投向公用事业和基础设施建设的有效办法。公用事业特许经营是指政府将某项公用事业的经营权授予特许经营者,由特许经营者对该项公用事业进行建设和运营,承担相应风险,并从公用事业用户的付费中获得报酬。对公用事业特许经营企业进行监管的必要性可从公共规制理论得到解释。监管机构应具有独立性和专业性,监管的重点是市场准入、价格监管和普遍服务机制。

Franchised management has become an effective method of drawing social capital into public utilities and infrastructure. The franchised management means that the government grants the managerial authority of particular item of public utilities to franchisees respectively, that start and operate them and take corresponding risks and earn rewards from the payment of users of public utilities. The necessity of supervising the franchised management enterprises can find explanation from the theory of public regulations. The supervisory departments should be high- leveled in independence and specialization. The focus of the supervision is to be on market entrance qualification price control and general service mechanism′ s establishment.