论道家与道教的生死观

On the Life and Death Outlook of Philosophical Daoism and Religious Daoism

从历史角度看,以哲学、思想理论为主导的老庄道家创立于前(先秦),以宗教信仰为主旨的道教建立于后(东汉以降),随之而来的是道家与道教的融合、涵化、整合、熔铸,亦道家亦道教,亦道教亦道家。因此,从整体上说,作为思想学术的老庄道家与作为宗教信仰的道教的关系是一而二、二而一的关系。文章分析了老庄道家自然主义的生死观与道教“我命在我”的长生成仙说,说明了在生死观上道教对道家思想的援引和衍化。

From a historical point of view, the philosophical Daoism had the characteristics of philosophical thought in pre-Qin,but the religious Daoism had the characteristics of religious belief in Han danasty. Then,melting of the philosophical Daoism and the religious Daoism made them blend as well as milk and water. Therefore the philosophical Daoism as thought learning and the religious Daoism as faith are combined into one. This paper tried to analyze the naturalistic life and death outloook of the philosophical Daoism ,and 'long life and celestial being 'of the religious Daoism ,explain the religious Daoism 's quotation and developmemt from the philosophical Daoism's thought.