《诗经》中对出近义单音词的文化阐释

The Cultural-expounding of the Paired-monophonic-words of Appearing in Book of Poetry

《诗经》中有一批语义相近,但又有明显不同内涵的单音词,常常是结伴对出,我们称之为对出近义单音词。近义单音词的出现,是社会文化、物质文明得到一定程度发展的标志,反映了人类认识从简单到复杂,从具体到一般的普遍规律。近义单音词的对出,是韵文为求得音韵、节奏、声调和谐的需要,也是语言自身发展的需要。对出近义单音词在走过鼎盛期后,自身也发生了变化。有些对出近义单音词合并为一个复合词,有些对出近义单音词“合并”为一个单音词,有些对出近义单音词已自然消亡。总之,盛极一时的对出近义单音词各自找到了自己历史的归宿。

The monophonic words which emerged in pairs with each other in the Book of poetry with similar meanings but obviously different connotations, we call them paired monophonic synonyms. The emergence of these paired monophonic synonyms marked the development of the cultural and material civilization. They occurred in pairs in order to satisfy the needs of the poetry for rhyming, rhythm and prosodic harmony and the development of the language itself as well. These paired monophonic words exerted changed a lot after its prime time: some combined into one compounded word, some merged into one monophonic word, and still some disappeared naturally.