谭献关于蒋春霖“倚声家杜老”说辨析

Analysis of TAN Xian's Comment that Jiang Chun-lin Was "a Master Ci-Poet Equalling DuFu

谭献《复堂词话》称誉蒋春霖为“倚声家杜老”,此说在近现代词史上影响极大,几成定评。就学术观点而言,“倚声家杜老”说并非空穴来风,是否成立,尚值得深入探究。然而,在阶级斗争极左思潮的影响下,蒋春霖及其《水云楼词》却受到不应有的贬低和曲解,因为他反对太平天国革命。不少学者对蒋春霖“倚声家杜老”一说或武断否定,或淡化回避,对《水云楼词》缺乏细致精微的品鉴。本文将蒋春霖、杜甫置于特定的历史时空中,在比勘他们创作实践的基础上,推证彼此文学思想、政治立场的潜在联系,进而抉发“倚声家杜老”说的合理内核。并剖析蒋春霖不能配享草堂的主要原因。

TAN Xian acclaimed JIANG Chun-lin as 'a master ci-poet equalling Du Fu' in his 'FuTANg Comments on Ci-poem'. This comment had great influence in modern history of ci-poem and almost became a final conclusion. As far as academic opinions are concerned,the comment that JIANG Chun-lin was 'a master ci-poet equalling Du Fu' is not groundless. However, it needs further exploration whether the comment is a final one. As people were influenced by class struggle's ultra-'left ' trend of thought, JIANG Chun-lin and his 'Shui Yun Building Ci-poem' suffered unfair depreciation and misinterpretation just because he was against the Taiping Revolution. Many scholars denied arbitrarily the comment that JIANG Chun-lin was 'a master ci-poet equalling Du Fu',or they would avoid making comments on it , lacking subtle and fine appraisement on 'Shui Yun Building Ci-poem'. This article put JIANG Chun-lin and DuFu at a specific historical time and space .inferring and proving the potential connection between their literary thoughts and political positions on the basis of their writing practice . And furthermore, it explored the reasonable crux of the comment that JIANG Chun-lin was 'a master ci-poet equalling Du Fu' and analysed the main reason why JIANG Chun-lin couldn't really equal Du Fu.