洋务运动时期的科学教育及其主要特征

The Science Education and Its Main Features in the Westernization Movement of the Late Qing Dynasty

科学与民主是中国社会近代化的重要起点。近代西方科学在中国制度层面的发展,源于洋务运动时期的科学教育。笔者就洋务学堂中的科学教育进行了系统的阐述,并对此时科学教育的特征及对中国的影响加以分析。洋务运动虽然作为一场政治运动告以失败,但作为科学发展史的一个环节,这一时期的科学教育具有极其深远和重大的意义。

Science and democracy are two important starting points in modern China. The development of the Western science at the level of political institution derived from the science education in the period of the Westernization Movement. The paper elaborates systematically the science education conducted in the classes of the time, and analyzes its main features and its influences on China. Though the Westernization Movement as a political one failed, science education in this period exerted its profound and important influences as a stage of science development.