评太平天国的职官制度

ON THE OFFICIAL RANKING SYSTEM OF THE TAIPING HEAVENLY KINGDOM

太平天国职官制度的设计者在没有现成蓝本的情况下 ,独创了一套前无古人、后无来者的体系 ,集中体现了中国农民的智慧。其政权体制从草创而逐步健全 ,其职官体系由起初的军事建制而逐步丰富 ,逐渐形成了中央官制和地方官制 ,设立了宫室官员和朝廷官员、文官和武官 ,职位和品阶得到健全。太平天国职官制度的发展也完全遵循着历史发展的规律。太平天国前后期始终保持着清晰的官阶体系 ,后期职官体系的膨胀是权力斗争的产物 ,虽冗繁而不乱。作为农民小生产者 ,能创建出如此工程浩大的上层建筑 ,这才真正是历代农民起义的最高峰。对其创举应给予充分的肯定。

The designer of the official ranking system of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom created a system which had never been approached and would never be approached and which embodied a concentrated reflection of Chinese peasantry. Its official ranking system developed in correspondence with its system of government. It started with the military organizational system and gradually the ranking system of the central government and that of local government came into being, and ranks and titles such as officials in charge of palace affairs, court officials, civil officials, military officers were established. The development of the ranking system of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom followed the law of history development. From the very beginning, the ranking system of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom remained all the time clear and complete. The bloated ranking system of the later period was the consequence of the struggle for power and interest. However, it was still in orderly operation. Though they were petty producers, the peasants were able to create such a huge superstructure, which was a real climax of peasant uprisings in history and which should be adequately evaluated.