中国大地测量的数据处理要科学界定潮汐改正计算

Tide Correction Should be Scientifically Defined in the Geodetic Data Processing

中国大地测量的现行规范细则中 ,凡涉及潮汐改正计算的都采用全潮汐改正 ,所以相应的数据处理和大地成果就相应于无潮汐值 ,如无潮汐重力值、无潮汐水准高、无潮汐垂线偏差、无潮汐高程异常值 ,甚至由此涉及无潮汐地壳等。这项改正曾经受到 1979年国际大地测量协会 (IAG)堪培拉 (Canberra)大会有关决议的支持 ,但随后不久 ,IAG就作了改正 ,在 1983年汉堡 (Hamburg)大会上仍以决议形式修正了它原来的意见 ,转而对零潮汐改正表示支持。国际大地测量界对潮汐改正的研究几经反复 ,近十年来已取得了比较一致的意见 ,即认为采用零潮汐改正是比较科学的 ,特别是对以陆地国土为主的国家更为合适。因此 ,中国在制定新的大地测量基准的有关条例和相应的各种大地规范细则时 ,应及时修正原来的无潮汐改正的规定 ,确定采用零潮汐改正 。

The 'total tide correction' is used in Chinese geodetic data processing, and it is defined as a legal reduction method in Chinese current geodetic regulations. Hence all the geodetic results in China currently are corresponding to the non-tide values. The total tide correction was supported by the General Assembly of International Association of Geodesy (IAG). But afterwards IAG changed its mind, and in the General Assembly of IAG turned to support the 'zero tide correction'. International geodetic society has reached a unified opinion finally, after more than ten years' continuous study on the tide correction. The zero tide correction has been accepted as a more correct and scientific one relatively, especially in a mainland country. Therefore, when the new regulation of Chinese geodetic datum is under revision now, the content of 'zero tide correction' should be included and the 'total tide correction' should be removed in the related regulations. Then all the geodetic data in China will be processed and reduced in a more scientific way.