汽车平顺性的虚拟试验研究

Study of Virtual Vehicle Ride Comfort

为了从整体上掌握影响汽车平顺性的因素,采用面向整车系统的数字化虚拟样机技术,对1028E2汽车按系统总成,使用ADAMS建立了前后悬架、转向系、动力总成与传动系及轮胎的数字化三维模型,根据试验的等级路面的功率谱密度函数,设计了相应的路面文件.然后,施加与实际车辆相同的约束、力和运动,构成了1028E2汽车具有596个自由度的整车数字化功能仿真汽车.该车在虚拟的路面上行驶时,可以体现悬架、轮胎的变形以及驾驶员的运动.仿真测试获得了驾驶员在前进方向、横向、垂直方向的加速度值以及均方根值,其数据与实测结果接近.分析发现,前悬架振动加速度的较大峰值是由板簧卷耳与转向纵拉杆的干涉引起,需进行结构参数修改.研究结果表明,对于汽车这一复杂的机器系统,建立详细的数字化功能样机,可以有效地分析其平顺性.

This paper presents a concept of digital prototype for the whole vehicle system. To make a digital vehicle model, 1028E2 vehicle is disassembled as the following modules: suspension system, steering wheel system and driveline system etc. The tire is represented by ADAMS/fiala tire model. The road file adapted the virtual test is designed which refers to the real road power spectrum. Then the whole vehicle is assembled and the constraints are defined in different parts or system, and a 3D digital prototype of 1028E2 vehicle is set up. In simulation, the vibration of driver, suspension, vehicle body and tire are visual on computer screen and the acceleration mean square root of driver from virtual prototype is close to the real vehicle test. The analysis discovers that the peak value of acceleration is due to the interference occurred between the steering linkage and the front shackle link. The shackle link size needs to be modified. The research shows that virtual test for vehicle ride comfort is reliable.