图式化程度对解决代数文字题的影响

Effects of Schematization on Algebra Word Problem Solving

本研究探讨了图式化程度即例子的概括化程度对解决代数文字题的影响。结果表明 :(1 )例子的表层类似性与目标问题具有一种格式塔的同型效应 ,容易解决“属性”一一对应的问题。 (2 )由例子表层类似性构成的图式化程度低 ,迁移的范围比较窄 ;由例子结构类似性构成的图式化程度高 ,适用的范围比较宽。 (3 )尽管增加了例子与目标问题的难度 。

This research with three experiments provided some empirical evidence of the schematization or generalization of examples producing influence on solving of algebra word problem.The results showed that(1)there was a kind of Gestalt isomorphism from superficial similarities of example and target problem,which was helpful to solve problems with one to one correspondences of all the attributes;(2)an algebra schema from superficial similarities of examples just fitted well into a similar type of target problems only,but an algebra scheme out of structural similarities of examples was absolutely suitable for different types of target problems;(3)a tendency to solve the target problem was also benefited from the algebra scheme out of structural similarities of examples in spite of difficulties of more complex situations involving both examples and target problems.