施肥对日光温室土壤硝酸盐分布特征的影响

Nitrate distribution characteristics in soil at fertilization on cucumber at sunlight greenhouse in Loess Plateau

在陕北延安研究了施肥对日光温室土壤硝酸盐分布的影响.结果表明,日光温室土壤的NO-3-N的动态分布与剖面淋洗深度与施肥关系密切,施用化肥、有机肥和沼肥都会导致土壤剖面的NO-3-N累积.而累积时期与黄瓜的生长发育过程有关,在黄瓜的生长前期和后期,土壤的NO-3-N高,易出现NO-3-N累积和淋洗;生长中期,土壤的NO-3-N含量低,不会出现NO-3-N累积和淋洗.0～20cm和20～40cm土层的土壤氮素对黄瓜生长都有效.

Field experiment was carried out to study the characteristic of soil nitrate distribution by applying fertilizer to cucumber in sunlight greenhouse.The result shown that the nitrate distribution and leaching was relationship to fertilization.NP chemical fertilizer,manure and methane all could lead to the accumulation of nitrate in soil profile.The nitrate accumulation time was relative to the growth period of cucumber in sunlight greenhouse,at the early period and late period of cucumber growth,soil nitrate was high,It could appear the nitrate accumulation and leaching in soil profile in 0~200 cm,but in the middle period of cucumber growth,soil nitrate was low,It could not appear the nitrate accumulation and leaching,nitrate nitrogen was all available for cucumber growth in soil layers 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm in sunlight greenhouse.