3种不同香型玫瑰精油特性的研究

Studies on three kinds of fragrant type rose essential oil properties

依照ISO9842和保加利亚玫瑰精油标准 БДС653 ,对来自陕西渭南玫瑰产区栽培的3种不同类型玫瑰精油进行了分析研究.渭玫1号精油来自保加利亚的大马士革玫瑰品种 kazanlik ,渭玫2号、3号分别是来自摩洛哥的百叶玫瑰和中国苦水玫瑰.就得油率而言,1996～2000年连续5年的平均得油率以渭玫1号最高达0.42‰,不低于在保加利亚栽培的得油率.3种精油在外观、色泽上无差异,而香气差别明显.三者分别为纯甜型、清甜型和浓甜型.GC-MS对3种精油分析表明,前二种均分析出115种成分,渭玫3号精油仅得到105种组分,三者主成分类型一致.主成分香茅醇均符合ISO9842和БДС653标准.中国传统玫瑰油渭玫3号蜡质含量相对极低,仅为渭玫1号的8%.

Studies on three different kinds of rose essential oil distilled from flowers of rose cultivated at Weinan,Shaanxi,China,were performed based on the ISO 9842 and БДС653,a Bulgarian standard of the oil.The average oil ratio of extractions,through years 1996~2000,of essential oil 'Weimei No.1',extracted from Rosa damascena Mill 'Kazanlik',which introduced from Bulgarian,was 0.42‰,and higher than that of 'Weimei No.2' or 'Weimei No.3',the oil extracted from R.centifolia L.,and R.sertata×R.rugosa Yǔet Ku respectively.There were no distinguished differences at the appearance and colour among the there except the fragrant type,pure sweat,fresh and sweat,or strong sweat separately.The results of GCMS analysis indicated that three were 115 components of the first two oils,and 105 of 'Weimei No.3'.Citronellol was the major constitute of the three oils,and the amount of it was in accordance with ISO 9842 and БДС653.Surprisingly,there was only 8% of paraffin in 'Weimei No.3',an oil from Chinese native rose,than in 'Weimei No.1'.