中国农村工业化的一种可行途径(下)

A Feasible Approach to Industrialization of Countryside in China

乡镇企业在20世纪80年代的发展和近年来面临的困境激起了国际经济学界的浓厚兴趣和很大争议。许多理论强调乡镇企业发展背景的特殊性,认为其发展经验不可能一般化。如果不是把乡镇企业中界定模糊的产权视为静态的制度安排,而是把他作为与外在制度环境相适应而变动的内生制度创新因素,那么,不仅能够解释乡镇企业何以产生并一度取得惊人的增长,而且能够解释他们何以在20世纪90年代中期以来增速趋缓。乡镇企业发展中动态的制度创新过程和发展绩效显示,他可以为在政治、经济、法律等制度结构都不完备的广大发展中国家实现农村工业化提供一种可行途径。

The development of town & village enterprises (TVE) in the 1980s and the predicament in recent years arose the interests in the economic circles worldwide. Many theories emphasize the particularity of background that TVE developed,and think it is impossible to generalize the development experience. This article doesn't regard the fuzzy-defined property rights of TVE as a static institutional arrangement,whereas takes it as an endogenous factor of institutional innovation a-daptive to the external institutional environment. Thus not only can we explain how TVE came into being and gained surprising growth at one time,but also explain why the growth rate ran to slow in the middle of 1990s. The dynamic process of institutional innovation and development performance of TVE show that it may provide a kind of feasible approach for countryside of many developing countries to realize industrialization with incomplete institutional structure such as political, economic, legal, etc.