论庆历兴学对北宋书院发展的影响

The Influences on the Development of Academic Institution in the Dynasty of Bei Song Exerted by the Schooling Advocating in the Years of Qingli

北宋庆历年四年,范仲淹试图以改革科目设置和人才选拔方式等手段来促进官学的发展。官学成为培养科举人才的主要机构,使北宋前期曾经替代官学培养人才的书院失去了存在的合法性,北宋著名的书院纷纷从历史长河中消逝。但并不能断定这就是北宋书院的衰落,而只能认为是书院由官学替代机构向学术研究和人才培养基地转变过程中的低谷,为北宋后期书院的转型积累了厚实的基础。

In the 4th year of Qingli in Bei Song Dynasty, Fan Zhongyan was to promote the development of academic schooling by the ways of refonning the courses offering and talents selecting. The academic schooling became a key institution of cultivating the talents in imperial examination, thus some well-known schooling institutions were lost in the mist of time. Nevertheless, it was not the indication of the deteriorating of academic institutions in the Dynasty of Bei Song, but the low ebb existing in the transition from alternate academic institution to talents cultivating base, which formed a sound foundation for the transforming of academic institution in the late Bei Song Dynasty.