加减文字题解决研究概述

Review on the Research for Addition and Subtraction Word Problem Solving

加减文字题指应用加减法运算解答的简单数学应用题。基本类型有合并题、变化题和比较题。人们主要采用四种方法研究解题过程:解答问题、回忆和构造问题、建立计算机模型和眼动记录。过去研究发现语义类型、年龄、难以理解的词句、问题陈述的简约性、题材个人化、问题陈述结构、数量大小、未知集类型和解答问题的方式等因素显著影响解题过程。人们对解题过程提出了两种理论模型,一是数学知识应用模型,一是语言理解模型。

Addition and subtraction word problems refer to a type of mathematical word problems that can be solved by applying addition and subtraction. They can be mainly classified into three categories: combine, change and compare. There are four types of methods to investigate the mental processes: solving problem, recalling and constructing problems, building simulation model of computer, and recording eye-movement. Previous research found that the mental processes could be significantly affected by these factors: semantic type, age, phrase and sentence, narrating format, context personalization, the structure of problem text, number size, the type of unknown set and strategies to solve problems. Researchers mainly proposed two theoretical explanations for the mental processes: mathematical knowledge applying model and language comprehension model .