生殖器疱疹的流行病学和诊治进展

Advances in Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Genital Herpes

性行为的改变使得性传播感染 (STI)和生殖器溃疡疾病 (GUD)的流行模式发生显著变化 ,生殖器疱疹 (GH)的相对重要性增加。引起生殖器疱疹的单纯疱疹病毒 2型 (HSV 2 )在人免疫缺陷病毒HIV的流行中起重要作用。确定有效地控制GH ,对降低HIV发病率至关重要。HSV 2血清学检测尤其重要且可行。过去的 2 0年中抗病毒药物快速发展 ,抗疱疹病毒药物如无环鸟苷等加速了疱疹的愈合并减少了排毒的可能性。人们还在开发新的抗病毒药、使用免疫调节剂并研制特异性疫苗来防治GH。

Changes in sexual behavior may constitute an important contribution to relative increase in genital herpes. Many research results suggest that HSV 2 plays a big part in the transmission of HIV infection. There is an urgent need to identify effective HSV 2 control measures in order to reduce HIV incidence. The detection of HSV 2 specific antibodies in serum is especially useful and reliable. During the past 2 decades, selective and specific inhibitors of replication have been developed. Such agents as acyclovir, valaciclovir and famcoclovir, have reduced the time of healing and the possibility of virus excretion. Efforts have been made in different directions including the exploration of new targets for antiviral chemotherapy, the use of immunomodulators and the development of specific vaccines.