HPSG框架及词汇语义蕴涵结构

HPSG and the structure of lexical semantic entailments

本文评析Davis根据Dowty的原型角色概念和论元选择原则构建的词汇语义关系蕴涵层级和原型角色向句法论元的映射模式。Davis通过把Dowty的论元选择从一个抽象过程实现为特征结构表达式,成功地将词汇语义蕴涵引入到HPSG框架之内。Davis的词汇语义层级概念,不仅反映了关系蕴涵的事实,而且也使得原型角色值的指派过程更为简便。最后,本文认为Davis模式对汉语动词语义层级和句法论元的题元角色指派模式的构建具有指导意义。同时也提出了汉语动词语义分类所面临的诸多问题和需要研究的具体课题。

This paper examines the hierarchy of lexical semantic entailments and the mapping between thematic roles and syntactic arguments, which Anthony Davis has constructed on the basis of Dowty's thematic proto-roles and argument selection. By rendering Dowty's argument selection from an abstract procedure into a concrete feature structure presentation, Davis has successfully introduced the lexical entailments into HPSG(Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar). Davis' lexical semantic hierarchy not only reflects the fact of relational entailments, but also simplifies the process of the assignment of proto-role's value. It is believed that Davis' approach is helpful to the construction of Chinese lexical semantic hierarchy and the assignment of thematic roles. The problems in the classification of Chinese verbs in terms of semantic features are also discussed.