西藏自治区草地生态环境安全与可持续发展问题研究

Grassland ecological environment safety and sustainable development problems in the Tibet Autonomous Region

草地畜牧业是西藏农业经济的主导产业,在其社会经济中有不可替代的作用。对于藏族来说,草地不仅是其生存和发展的物质基础,也是其民族文化、精神世界孕育和发展的摇篮,为西藏人民提供了多种多样的畜产品和绿色无污染的奶肉食品,同时还肩负着保护青藏高原生态环境安全的重任。但是,因其特殊的地域环境和片面追求牲畜数量,超载过牧等问题已导致草地退化,生产力下降,生态平衡失调,个别地方已严重影响畜牧业生产和社会经济的可持续发展,必须居安思危,防患于未然,对草地退化问题不能拖至不可收拾的地步再议。

The grassland livestock industry is the leading industry of the Tibetan agricultural economy, and the function it performs cannot be substituted for in this society's economy. From the Tibetans point of view, the grassland is not only the material base for subsistence and development, but is also their cultural and spiritual world gestation and development cradle. The grassland provides various livestock products for the Tibetans, including green, unpolluted dairy and meat foodstuffs, and at the same time, takes on the important task of protecting the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau's ecological environment safety. However, due to the peculiar environment of the region, and the unilateral pursuit of livestock quantity, overgrazing and other problems have (already) led to grassland degradation, productivity drop, and ecological imbalance. Different places have already seriously influenced the sustainable development of livestock industry production and the society's economy. People must think of danger in times of safety and cut off problems in their infancy. With the grassland degradation problem, consideration cannot be put off until an irremediable situation exists.