月球探测与人类社会的可持续发展

Lunar Exploration and Containable Development for Human Society

1959年至1976年的18年是人类第一次月球探测高潮,美国和前苏联共成功发射了45个月球探测器,获取了382kg的月球岩石和月壤样品,这些探测资料和月球样品的系统分析与研究,大大促进了人类对月球、地球和太阳系的认识,并带动了一系列基础科学的创新,促进了一系列应用科学的发展。通过从1976年至1994年近18年浩如烟海的月球探测数据和资料的消化、分析与综合研究后,1994年Clementine环月探测器的发射,标志新的一轮探月高潮的开始。当前,国际探月活动刚进入重返月球、逐步建设月球基地的阶段,而逐步开发利用月球矿产资源、能源和特殊环境,建设月球基地,为人类社会的可持续发展服务,已成为新世纪月球探测的总体目标。本文在系统分析已有的探测与研究资料基础上,论述了开发利用月球上具有的巨大能源库、丰富的矿产资源和独特的环境资源将对人类社会可持续发展所具有的深远意义。

From 1959 to 1976,45 lunar explorers were successfully sent to explore the Moon by USA and USSR,and 382 kg samples of the lunar rocks and regolith were sent bact to the Earth.By studying these exploring data and returned samples,new knowledges about the Moon,the Earth and the Solar system have been largely accumulated,some applied sciences and technology have been greatly improved.After long consideration about post Lunar Exploration Project,the human race began to dream of return-to-moon project,and in 1994,the Clementine mission was sent to the Moon, which marks the beginning of a new tide of the Lunar exploration.Exploring and utilizing the energy resources,the mineral resources,the unique environmental resources of the Moon and settling the Lunar base are now becoming the whole objectives for the lunar exploration in the 21st century.In this paper,the authors document up-to-date exploring data of the Moon,analyze previous studying results,and demonstrate that exploration and utilization of the energy resources and the mineral resources,the unique environmental resources of the Moon will be of great significance for future development of the human society .