形式真理与逻辑科学

Formal Truth and Logical Science

命题就是语句表达的对可能世界对象的情况进行断定并且至少具有可能确定真值的思维形态。按照所包含的形式概念是否相同,命题区分为不同的类。形式命题的实质是具体命题的类。通过形式命题可以实现认识具体命题一般属性的目的。普遍有效式是所代表的具体命题个个都具有真的真值。满足关系是当理由型的具体命题真时论断型的具体命题一定真的形式命题关系。形式真理是断定形式命题具有普遍有效性或者满足关系的真实命题。逻辑科学的惟一对象和全部使命是形式真理,逻辑学的发展始终要以追求形式真理为正确方向。

Proposition refers to the mental state in which what the sentence expresses determines the condition in the possible world and at least the existence of possible value of truth in it. According to different formal concepts embodied, propositions divide into different categories. A formal proposition is essentially a category of concrete propositions, whose general properties can be understood through formal propositions. Concrete propositions expressed by the universally effective formula are all of the value of truth. Their relation of satisfaction is that if a reasontyped concrete proposition is true, the corresponding statementtyped concrete proposition will be true. Therefore, a formal truth is a true proposition to determine whether the formal proposition is of universal effectiveness or relation of satisfaction. In this connection, the formal truth is the only object of and the whole task to the science of logic. It should always direct its course of development to pursuit of formal truths.