叠前噪音衰减技术在高分辨率处理中的应用

Prestack noise attenuation application to high resolution seismic processing

对于高分辨率地震资料的处理,反褶积是提高剖面纵向分辨率的主要手段,针对原始资料信噪比低,反褶积算子计算不准确,影响分辨率的提高,分析了叠前噪音衰减技术原理;根据该原理采用了叠前倾角中值滤波和速度滤波方法来消除折射干扰,采用信噪分离方法来消除面波干扰,从而提高单炮记录信噪比,反褶积压缩到位。实际应用结果表明,这三种方法均可提高原始地震资料信噪比,得到高分辨率地震剖面。

During high resolution seismic processing ,deconvolution is a main method to improve seismic section resolution vertically, but, because of low signal-to-noise(S/N) ratio of original data, the computed deconvolution operator is not accurate, and can not achieve the purpose of improving seismic section resolution. We analyzed the principle of prestack noise attenuation. Based on the principle, we eliminate refraction interference by using pretack dip mid-value filtering and velocity filtering, and use S/N separation method to eliminate surface wave interferences. Thus we can improve shot record S/N ratio and deconvolution compression. Real data examples show the three methods can all improve S/N ratio of the original seismic data to obtain high-resolution seismic section.