漳河灌区节水灌溉影响分析

Analysis of Impacts of Water-Saving Irrigation in Zhanghe Irrigation District

为了解决越来越严重的水资源危机 ,发展节水灌溉已经成为灌区越来越重要的任务。自改革开放以来 ,漳河灌区灌溉用水量有了大幅度下降 ,而农业生产总产量却有所上升。灌区通过节水灌溉 ,使得灌溉水分生产率不断提高 ,在保证农业生产总产量稳步提高的前提下节约灌溉用水。与此同时 ,将所节约的农业灌溉用水转移到如发电、城镇供水、工业用水等非农业用水部门 ,从而大大提高了单方水利用效益。这是我国开展节水灌溉较为成功的典范。通过研究漳河灌区节水灌溉的影响 ,寻求大型灌区真实节水的途径 ,使得有限的水资源得到更加充分。

In order to solve the water resources shortage, which is becoming more and more severe recently, it is more and more important to develop water-saving irrigation technique in irrigation district. Since the economical reform started in late 1970's, the irrigation water use has decreased sharply, while the total production of agriculture has risen remarkably. Through development of water-saving irrigation technique, the irrigation district has been heightening its irrigation water productivity, and saving water on the premise of maintaining agricultural production growth rate. Meanwhile, it has shifted water saved from irrigation to non-agriculture sectors such as hydropower generation, industry and domestic water uses to enhance benefit of unit water use and to ease water shortage. Therefore, it has become a successful model of water-saving irrigation in China. This paper seeks the real water-saving approach for large-sized irrigation district through analysis of the impacts water-saving irrigation technique in the district, to make good use of limited water resources in the future.