社会话语的辩证解析——卢那察尔斯基批评观反思

Dialectical Analysis on Social Discourse -Reflection on Lunacharsky's Critical Views

卢那察尔斯基代表着马克思主义社会学批评的最高成就,其批评实践体现着辩证法的光辉,既有对作品特质的社会及时代成因的解读,也有对艺术家生物个性与艺术性之间的关系的肯定,但艺术家生物个性从本质上说仍是在对社会与时代的抗拒与超越中形成。同时,特定的语境决定着卢那察尔斯基批评的意识形态规则,这一规则既导致某些越界阐释与功利色彩,也体现着这一语境中批评家的责任。

Lunacharsky is one of the most great critics in the history of Marxist sociological criticism, his works embody the shining glory of dialectics, unscrambled the social and historical cause of the works' artistic characteristic, as well as affirmed the relation between the artist's biologic personality and his artistic character, but in nature the biologic personality is formed through resisting and overstepping the society and times. At the same time, particular context determined the ideological rules which Lunacharsky obeyed, these rules result in some over-interpreting and utilitarian remarks , but also showed the critics' responsibility in these contexts.