兔高压电非热性损伤模型的建立

Establishment of a rabbit model of non-thermal high voltage electrical injury

目的 为了对电损伤进行深入系统的研究 ,建立一个以非热为主、高压电损伤组织进行性坏死的模型。 方法 自行设计电击系统一套 ,新西兰大白兔 75只 ,45只用于极板大小、击伤时间、间隔时间和损伤程度筛选 ,其余 30只建立动物模型。方法采用临床解剖探查、烧伤指数 (IDBI)分型和99Tcm-MDP同位素扫描γ照相等进行研究。 结果 模型条件为损伤场强 170 0 0V/m ,电流强度 5 5 4mA ,平均电流密度小极板下 137mA/cm2 ,大极板下 2 1mA/cm2 。组织温度平均仅升高 1 73℃ ,排除了热性损伤。产生了轻、中、重、特重和毁损 5种不同程度的损伤模型 ,早期没有肉眼可见的皮肤坏死。重度以上 3个模型分别在伤后 12、7、5d伤肢丧失。 结论 非热因素是该组模型电损伤的主要原因 。

Objective To establish a rabbit model of non-thermal high voltage electrical injury,which was accompanied by progressive tissue necrosis for the further study of electrical injury. Methods Seventy-five New Zealand rabbits were employed,in which 45 were used for the selection of the size of electrode plate,the inflicting time,the intervals and the injury degree.Five groups of rabbits were used for the study of the model.The study was carried out by means of clinical anatomical exploration,categorization by the Index of Deep Burn Injury(IDBI) and 99 Tc m-MDP istope scanning and γ photography. Results The optimal injury indices selected were as follows: the electric field strength was 17 000 volts/m,the mean current intensity was 554 mA,and the average current density was 137 mA/cm 2 for small electrode and 21 mA/cm 2 for big one,and average increase of tissue temperature was 1.73℃ during injury process.This excluded the possibility of thermal injury.Five models were created,i.e.mild,moderate,severe,extra severe and destructive ones.There was no obvious cutaneous necrosis.Nevertheless,there was loss of injured extremities on 5th,7th and 12th post-injury days in the severe,extra severe and destructive groups. Conclusion Non-thermal factor was the major cause of electric injury in the model with typical clinical features.