离退休老年人生活质量及心理状态调查研究

The investigation of quality of life and mental health status of elderly retired people

目的 探讨离退休老年人的生活质量和心理状态。方法 采用中华医学会老年医学会流行病学组设计的老年人生活质量调查表及中国科学院心理研究所宋维真教授等编制的心理健康测查表对816名离退休老年人进行测查。结果 影响离退休老年人生活质量的因素依次为心理卫生、健康状况、经济收入、社会交往、生活习惯、生活满意度、居住条件等。不论男女其各分量表除HMA外,其余各量表离退休老年人与常模比较均有显著性差异(P<0.01),离退休老年人各量表分明显高于常模,可能与离退休老年人躯体不适、精神生活不足和某些人心理压力及个性有关。而干部较工人的心理问题多,生活满意度低。结论 离退休老年人存在明显的心理问题、个性问题和生活质量问题。改善离退休老年人的生活质量和心理状态有利于离退休老年人身心健康。

Objective To investigate the quality of life and mental health status of elderly retired people in Jining area. Method The inquiry of quality of life and inquiry of mental health status were used to survey the quality of life and mental health status of 816 elderly retired. Results The related factors influence the quality of life of the elderly are mental health status, physical health statas, economic status, social relationship, life style and so on. The score of L,F, SOM,DEP et al was significantly higher than the norm (P < 0.01) .apart from the score of HMA. The elderly retired cadres showed more psychological problems than the elderly retired workers. Conclusion The quality of life of the elderly retired could be improved through preventing physical disorders and decressing economic burden.