颞下颌关节骨关节病动物模型的建立及组织病理学观察

Establishment of animal model of TMJ osteoarthrosis and its histological investigation

目的 建立稳定的颞下颌关节骨关节病动物模型。方法 通过外科手术切除部分关节盘的方法 ,在成年兔上建立较为稳定的颞下颌关节骨关节病动物模型 ;分别于术后第 15天、1个月、2个月、3个月、4个月、5个月和 6个月将实验兔处死 ,取实验侧髁突组织进行组织病理学观察 ;1%甲苯胺蓝染色 ,观察病变髁突组织中蛋白多糖的分布范围与水平变化。结果 本研究中的颞下颌关节骨关节病模型从组织病理学上先后观察到了关节盘损伤后早期关节软骨的应激性修复增殖 ,中期软骨基质渐进性损耗 ,后期软骨基质损耗丧失、纤维组织修复覆盖及骨赘形成等软骨退行性变过程。甲苯胺蓝染色显示 ,病变早期肥大增厚的软骨组织中蛋白多糖含量降低 ,且分布不均匀 ;病变晚期的髁突较深层软骨组织中仍可见有蛋白多糖的合成与分布。结论 本研究所建立的颞下颌关节骨关节病动物模型能较好地模拟骨关节病的组织病理学变化过程 ,且具有结果稳定。

Objective To establish a stable animal model of temporomandibular joint(TMJ) osteoarthrosis.Methods TMJ osteoarthrosis model of rabbits was created by the partial resection of joint disc,and serial sections of experimental condyles were observed histochemically at the 15th days,the 1st,2nd,3rd,4th,5th,and 6th months postoperatively.The location and content of proteoglycan in cartilage matrix was studied with 1% toluidine blue staining.Results The surgical joints were characterized histologically by initial trauma-irritated alterations such as hypertrophic cartilage and the cluster of chondrocytes,then progressive degradation occurred,and it led to loss of cartilage,which might be combined with extensive fibrillation over surface of the damaged cartilage and the osteophyte were formated.Conclusion The animal model of TMJ osteoarthrosis created in the present investigation could simulate the real pathological features of osteoarthritis in vivo,and this animal model showed the obvious merits of high stability and reproduction.