22份菜豆(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)种质健康研究

Health evaluation on 22 accessions of common bean germplasm seed

通过使用干检和吸水纸培养 2种方法 ,对种皮为无色素组和有色素组的 2 2份菜豆种质进行了健康检测研究。结果表明 ,肉眼可检测菜豆种子外观病害症状为虫蛀、皱缩、畸形和种皮变色。吸水纸培养检测发现在 2 2份材料中共携带可知真菌 11种 ,互隔交链孢霉 (Alternariaalternata) ,镰刀菌属 (Fusariumspp .) ,青霉属 (Penicilliumspp .) ,根霉属 (Rhizopusspp .)存在于绝大多数的供试材料中。种皮有色的种子真菌携带种类和感染百分率均低于白色种皮的种子。种子畸形和皱缩严重影响种子的发芽成苗能力。肉眼检测菜豆种子外观健康结果可作为有效指标来判定种质的健康状况。

The health evaluation of 22 accessions of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was carried out in the laboratory based on dry examination and rolled blotter test. According to seed coat pigmentation, all accessions were divided into unpigmented and pigmented groups. Insect injuries were most frequently present on unpigmented accession seed coat. Malformation, shrivelling, discoloration and spots were found in both unpigmented and pigmented accessions. Pigmented seed accessions had a lower proportion of seeds with various symptoms and disorders. Eleven genera and species of fungi were detected in all accecsions. Rhizopus spp. was the most frequent genus present in all accessions, followed by Fusarium spp. and Penicillium spp. The incidence of Alternaria alternata was also high, eight of eleven unpigmented accessions tested were infested with this species. Colletotrichum lindemuthianum was found to occur only in seeds of PRESENTA. The incidence of microorganisms was higher in unpigmented accessions than pigmented accessions. Capacity of seed germination was influenced by malformation and shrivelling. The results of visual examination could serve as parameters indicating seed health status of common bean seeds and provide guides to handling germplasm accessions.