人工诱发鸡骨型白血病及其血清学与放射学诊断比较

Comparison between serology and radiology in experimentally induced avian osteopetrosis

本文在国内首次报告用骨型白血病患鸡抗凝全血接种 10日龄鸡胚绒毛尿囊腔 ,诱发本病获得成功 ,经X线摄片检查 ,检出发病率为 4 1 3% (19/ 4 6 ) ,其中重度阳性率为 4 2 11% (8/ 19) ,可早在 2 1日龄X线检出病变 ,其中最早有2例于 15日龄临床上已表现出症状。同时用患鸡血腹腔接种 1日龄雏鸡 ,同样诱发出本病 ,X线摄片检查发病率为36 79% (39/ 10 6 ) ,其中重度阳性率为 10 2 6 % (4/ 39)。与腹腔接种法相比 ,两种接种方式所获阳性率无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但重度阳性率差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 )。对人工诱发病鸡作禽白血病特异性血清学诊断 ,其中羽髓琼扩试验 (AGP)检出阳性率为 4 4 9% (4/ 89) ,酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA)为首次试用于OP ,检出阳性率为 12 3% (15 / 12 2 )。另对 12 0例生产鸡群老龄鸡进行诊断性普查 ,放射学阳性检出率为 34 17% (41/ 12 0 ) ,AGP试验阳性检出率 1 6 7% (2 / 12 0 ) ,ELISA试验阳性检出率 4 17% (5 / 12 0 )。表明血清学的AGP与ELISA法对OP不敏感 ,可致能反映OP病变存在的X线阳性鸡大量漏诊。

Avian osteopetrosis(OP)could be transmitted successfully by injection of whole blood into the chorioallantoic cavity of 10-day-old embryos.The radiological examination showed that the positive incidence was 41.3%(19/46),and the severe incidence was 42.11 %(8/19).OP was first detected by radiology at 21 days of age,but 2 cases showed the clinical symptoms when 15 days old.At the same time,OP was transmitted successfully by the route of intraperiitoneal injection.The positive incidence was 36.79(39/106),and the severe positive incidence was 10.26 %(4/39).The difference in positive incidence between intrapertoneal injection and chorioallantoic injection was not significant(P<0..05 %),but the difference between the incidences of the severe cases was significant(P>0.05%).Some experimental chickens were examined serologically.Agar gel diffusion precipitin test(AGP)with feather pulp showed that the positive incidence was 4.49 %(4/89),and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was the first time use to diagnosis OP,and the result showed that the positive incidence was 12.3 %(15/122).One huandred and twenty chickens on farms were examined by serological technique as well as by radiology.The positive incidence was 34.17 %(41/120) for radiology,1.67 %(2/120) for AGP,and 4.17 %(5/120) for ELISA.Compared to radiological examination,serological diagnosis is not sensitive.