人参水煎剂防治去卵巢大鼠骨量丢失的骨形态计量学观察

Skeletal effects of ginseng on osteopenia in ovariectomized rats

目的 探讨人参水煎剂对去卵巢大鼠骨量丢失的骨形态学改变及其预防作用。方法4.5月龄SD雌性大鼠,按体重随机分为基础组、假手术组、去卵巢组、已烯雌酚阳性用药组、人参低剂量用药组、人参高剂量用药组,共给药10周,取胫骨上段骨组织包埋,不脱钙骨切片,用全自动图像分析仪及松质骨形态计量学软件进行测量和分析,观察人参对骨形态计量学参数的影响。结果 去卵巢10周后骨量丢失和破骨细胞活性、骨形成及骨转换率增加,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。低剂量的人参能使骨量增加26.6％,高剂量能使骨量增加35.1％,高低两剂量人参能使大鼠的骨吸收和骨转换率均下降,差异有显著性(P<0.01或0.05),不抑制藕联的骨形成。结论去卵巢大鼠骨量丢失,骨转换率增高,出现明显的骨质疏松;已烯雌酚(10μg·kg-1·d-1)能抑制骨吸收,也抑制骨形成。人参有增加骨量的趋势,增加骨形成,并对子宫无刺激作用,有弱的预防去卵巢大鼠的骨量丢失作用。

Objective To study the effect of ginseng (Gi) on ovariectomized (OVX) rats by the analysis of cancellous bone histomorphometry. Methods Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley female rats at age of 4.5 months were killed at the beginning of the experiment (Basal, n = 8), or sham-operated (Sham, n = 8) and treated orally with vehicle, or ovariectomized (OVX, n = 32) and treated orally with either vehicle, diethylstilbestrol (DES, 10 μg·kg-1·-1) ,low dose of ginseng(GiL,5g·kg-1·d-1) ,high dose of ginseng (GiH,10 g·kg-1·-1)for 10 weeks. Double in vivo fluorochrome labeling was performed. Undecalcified longitudinal proximal tibial metaphyseal sections were made and stained for bone histomorphometric analysis. Results Ten weeks post ovariectomy, the cancellous bone mass was lost markedly, and high bone turnover indices were shown (both bone resorption and bone formation increased). DES decreased osteoclast number and osteoclast repsorption perimeters, reduced bone formation rate related to bone turnover, and prevented bone loss, but increased endometrium epithelial thickness. Gi(5 g/kg and 10 g/kg) increased bone formation rate slightly when compared with OVX group, lowed the resorption indices and endometrium epithelial thickness and had a tendency to increasing bone formation rate when compared with DES group, and had a trend to increasing bone mass, there is no obvious dose-effect relationship between GiL and GiH. Conclusions Gi partially prevents OVX-induced cancellous bone loss by increasing bone formation, inhibiting osteoclast bone resorption and having a mild depression of bone turnover, and has no stimulative effects on uterus.