比较视域与比较文学本体论的承诺

Comparative Perspective and the Commitment of Comparative Literature

承用西方哲学本体论和本体这两个术语 ,使其转型到比较文学学科原理的建构中 ,在追寻一个相对完整体系的意义上来设问与回答“比较文学的本体是什么” ,这必然构成我们对比较文学本体论的承诺。比较文学研究不同于国别文学研究 ,在比较文学本体论的定义下 ,比较视域是比较文学这一学科安身立命的本体。比较视域的英文书写是“comparativeperspective” ,秉有“透视”这一深层的内在涵义。当优秀的比较文学研究者对两种民族文学或文学与其他相关学科进行跨越研究时 ,就是以自己学贯中西与学贯古今的学术修养对双方进行内在的透视 ,最终在汇通及体系化中寻求两者之间的材料事实关系、美学价值关系与学科交叉关系。这正是比较文学研究得以展开的学理性和职业性所在。

This article uses two terms being and ontology of western philosophy to construct comparative literature as a kind of discipline. “What is the ontology of comparative literature?' The question and its answer will systematically form the commitment of comparative literature. According to ontology of comparative literature comparative perspective is surely the being of comparative literature. With his comparative perspective and encyclopedical knowledge the outstanding comparatists finally determine the relations of literary communications, aesthetic values and interdiscipline between two kinds of nation literature or between literature and other disciplines. That is the reason and profession of comparative literature.