接受反应文论中的读者概念解析

Analysis of Four Concepts of the Reader in Reader-Oriented Theory

伴随读者在文学活动中主体地位的突显而来的是各种读者概念的出现。本文主要分析西方接受反应文论中有代表性的读者概念,它们是里法德尔的“超级读者”,伊瑟尔的“隐含的读者”,费什的“有知识的读者”和艾柯的“标准读者”,指出这些读者概念在理论上的成就以及在实践中的不足之处。

The raise of various types of reader accompanied by the reception-response theory is a product of emphasis on the reader's subjective role in literary activity. This paper points out, mainly by analyzing four typical concepts of reader, namely, Riffaterre's 'the supperreader', Iser's 'the implied reader', Fish's 'the informed reader' and Eco's 'the model reader', that the theories of reader are valuable in emphasizing the reader's creative role in reading on the one hand, but impracticable in guiding an actual reader's concrete reading practice on the other hand.