国性论、国粹论与文化的排孔开新

National Nature,National Quintessence and Cultural Anti-Confucianism

国性论、国粹论 ,滥觞于晚清。在五四新文化运动中 ,它们成为旧文人旧思想护圣守旧的工具 ;同时 ,又是新文化新思想排孔开新的靶子。由对于国性论、国粹论的批判 ,到主张国民性改造 ,标志着新文化运动由关注思想文化问题到关心社会主体———人的问题 ,这本身就体现着新文化运动的深化和进步。因此 ,理所当然地说 ,文化新人对国性论、国粹论的批判 ,既是五四时期排孔开新文化主题的题中本义 ,更是新文化运动的重要内容。因此 ,研究晚清思想史学术史固然要重视国性论、国粹论 ,而研究五四思想史学术史也不能忽视国性论、国粹论。

The theories of national character and national quintessence started in late Qing.In the May 4^(th) new culture movement,it became the weapon of the conservatives and the target of the new culture.The new culture’s shift of emphasis from the criticism of national character and national quintessence to the remould of national spirit marked the deepening and progress of the movement.The question of national character and national quintessence is indispensable not only for the discussion of late Qing ideological history but also for that of May 4^(th) ideological history.$$$$