万荣方言的比较句

On Comparative Constructions of Wanrong Dialect in Shanxi Province

万荣方言的比较句分平比句、差比句、渐进比句和极比句四种。具体格式有“比较项1+连/和+比较项2+一样/一般+W”、“比较项1+赶+比较项2+W”、“比较项1+不胜(不照)+比较项2+W”、“比较项2+比较项1+最+W”等21种。“赶”作比较词,在山西南部比较常见,成都也有这种用法;“不胜”作不及式中的比较词,山西南部以及东南部的一些点以及山东西部和西南部也比较常见。万荣方言“赶”字比较句有逐渐萎缩,最终被“比”字句取代的趋势。万荣方言的比较句在北方官话中有一定的代表性。

Comparative constructions of Wanrong d ialect can be divided into four semantic kinds in forms of“NP1+lian/he+NP 2+yiyang+VP”(the equivalent construction of“as...as”)to express the two compared items sharing the same degree,of“NP1+gan+NP2+VP”(that o f“more than”)and“NP1+busheng/(buzhao)+NP2+VP”(that of“not more t han”)to express the difference by VP existing between the two compared items ,of“NP2+NP1+zui +VP”(that of“the most”)to express the superlative de gree of NP2.“Gan”is frequently used as comparison words in southern Shanxi a nd also used in Chengdu,but tend to be replaced by“bi ”construction.“Bushe ng”is frequently used in southern and southeastern of Shanxi and western and so uthwestern of Shandong.The comparative constructions of Wanrong dialect represe nts,to some extent,that of Mandarin Chinese in Northern China.