心理学的人文取向——20世纪美国现象学心理学的历史与理论主张

Human Science Approach of Psychology:The History and Theoretical Ideas of American Phenomenological Psychology in 20th Century

美国现象学心理学从20世纪中叶逐步形成与发展,它汲取胡塞尔现象学中所蕴涵的哲学心理学思想,以此为理论基础展开具体的心理学实践。它把"生活世界"作为心理学研究的重要根基,重视意识的"意向性"特点,发展特有的心理学研究程序与方法,对人在日常生活中呈现的、体现主体性的心理现象进行纯粹的描述和意义理解,将实现一门人文科学的心理学作为自己的终极目标。

American phenomenological psychology conformed the spirit of Husserls philosophical psychology into achievement and knowledge of psychology by concrete psychological practice.Phenomenological psychology didnt simply attend facts but meaningforsubject of phenomena.It claimed to establish a better kind of way to research psychological reality.We should purely describe psychological subjectivity in the intentional relation with life world.At the same time,we need turn from nature science attitude to life world,and put aside our natural preconceptions about psychic.