英国工业革命时期资产阶级的家庭观及其成因探析

Exploration and Analysis of the Bourgeoisie' s Views of the Family and Why Their Views Took Shape During the Industrial Revolution in England

英国工业革命以后,资产阶级形成了不同于以往的家庭观,他们强调家庭生活的神圣和纯洁,强调妇女作为母亲和妻子的职责。资产阶级的家庭观与他们的妇女观密切相关,他们一方面将妇女誉为守卫道德的“家庭天使”,另一方面却认为她们天生是低劣的、缺乏理性的,需要男人的保护和管理。资产阶级的这种家庭观形成主要是因为工业化导致的家庭生产职能的丧失、社会竞争的加强以及父权制的延续。

After the Industrial Revolution in England, the Bourgeoisie molded its views of family which were different from before. They emphasized the holiness and purity of family life; they stressed the duties and responsibilities of women as mothers and wives. The Bourgeoisie' s views of family were very close to their views of women. On the one hand, they praised women as 'angels in households' who guarded the moral standards; on the other hand, they considered women to be bom inferior and lower in ration, who needed to be protected and managed by man. The Bourgeoisie' s views of the family resulted from the following fact: the industrialization had resulted in the loss of the family' s productive power, strengthened social competition, and encouraged the continuity of the patriarchal system.