政策本质初探

An Initial Study of the Nature of Policy

半个多世纪以来 ,国内外政策学者们关于政策的本质见仁见智。虽然学派众多且视野各异 ,却基本上可以归属到社会和谐论和社会冲突论两大阵营。对政策本质认识分歧的成因大体可归结为社会本质观、科学本质观和方法论以及政策过程观等方面的差异甚至对立。事实上 ,价值的社会建构性、决策过程的价值涉入、政策主体和目标群体价值趋向的多样性以及政策本身能量的有限性决定了政策的本质是

For over half a century, policy scholars home and abroad have been seeing the nature of policy in different lights. Nonetheless, the many schools of scholars can be basically clustered into two major groups in terms of social theory, namely the consensus model and the conflict model of society. Differences in understanding are due to divergence and even antagonism in their views about the nature of society and science, methodology and policy process as well. In fact, the nature of social construct of value, the value involvement in policy process, the diversity of value orientations among policy subjects and targeted groups, and the limits of policy capacity define the nature of policy as :the process and results of contestation and compromise of various value orientations in society.