长期培肥黑土脲酶活性动态变化及其影响因素

Dynamics of urease activity in a long-term fertilized black soil and its affecting factors

以东北典型黑土区长期 (自 1980年 )不同培肥试验地土壤为研究对象 ,采用两种不同量有机肥、化肥和不施肥 4个处理 ,对土壤脲酶在作物生长季的动态变化进行研究 .结果表明 ,施用有机肥 ,生长季黑土脲酶活性明显高于施用化肥和不施肥 ,其生长季脲酶保护容量在 16 0mg·kg-1·h-1以上 ,季节性变化平稳 ,保持土壤脲酶免遭变性、免遭分解作用显著 .脲酶活性的动态变化与绝大多数土壤生物、理化特性指标的动态变化没有明显的相关性 ;与土壤生物、理化特性 ,植物N、P、K有极显著的正相关关系 ;与土壤含水量。

The effect of long term fertilization on the urease activity in a typical black soil in Northeastern China was examined in this paper. The soil has been fertilized since 1980, and the dynamics of its urease activity was monitored during crop growth season. The results showed that a significant difference in soil urease activity was found at each growth stage between soils treated by different fertilizations. In farmyard manure treated soil, the urease activity was > 160 mg·kg -1 ·h -1 and with a low seasonal fluctuations. The soil urease activity had a significant positive correlation with soil biological, physical and chemical properties, and the N, P and K contents in plants (P<0.01), and with soil moisture content and grain crude protein (P<0.05).