试说兼语结构与“请”

A Tentative Study on Concurrent Structure and the Usage of Word "Please

由“请”字可以组成兼语结构但并非一定组成兼语结构。依据对“请”字及所组成的语法形态的分析,发现“请”字结构有三种基本情况:1.“请”表示实在的词汇意义,是动词,组成兼语短语作某种句法成分。2.“请”不表示实在意义,是敬辞,不构成兼语结构。3.“请”用在主谓结构之前,或作为动词,组成兼语句,或只作为敬辞,不起结构作用。这可以从所“请”的是否是直面者、“请”前是否可加状语、句式是否可进行同义转换及“请”字是否可去掉等多方面考察。

The word 'please' can form the concurrent structure but not all of them. According to the analyses to it and its grammatical morphology,we find that the structure of 'please' has three basic situations.1 .'Please' is used as a verb.It has a real lexical meaning and forms a concurrent phrase, which take on some composition in a sentence.2. 'Please' is only a honorific. It has no real meaning and doesn' t form the concurrent structure. 3 . ' Please is used before the structure of subject and predicate, and it forms a concurrent sentence as a verb, or only being a honorific it has on use in forming a structure. We can inspect if from the following aspects, if the one we required is the director, if we can place adverbial before 'please' ,if the sentence pattern can transformed by the same meaning and if 'please' can be cut away etc.