大型电动机的状态监测及诊断

Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis of Motors

电动机故障包括绝缘故障、定子故障、转子故障、轴承故障等,各种故障都会以一定的故障信号方式表现出来,而通过对信号中故障特征信号的提取分析可以对电动机故障进行判断。本文对电动机的多种基于信号监测的故障分析方法进行了原理分析,包括对定子电流信号的多种分析、轴承振动的频谱分析、电动机转速的波动分析等,对其他的多种故障监测方法也进行了介绍。并对每种分析方法所适用的故障诊断类型及优缺点给予了说明,最后指出了今后的发展趋势,为电动机故障珍断方法的应用提供了参考依据。

The motor faults include insulation fault, stater fauit,rotor fault,bearing fault,and etc. Every fault has its characteristic signals. Fault diagnosis of motors is based on analysis of these signals. This paper introduces and analyzes typical methods of fault diagnosis, including analysis of stator electric current, the analysis of bearing vibration spectrum and the analysis of fluctuation of rotate speed of motor, and gives the types of motor faults which can be judged by certain method of fault diagnosis. Then this paper points out their advantages and deficiencies, and also introduces other ways of motor condition monitoring. At last, this paper discusses the future of the fault diagnosis of motors and offers references for application of the methods of motor condition monitoring and fault diagnosis.