文人画与禅

Scholar's Paintings and Chan

唐朝中叶的社会状况为禅提供了滋生的温床。自此 ,禅宗在中国思想史上开始发挥着巨大的影响。文人画也从这个时候开始 ,经历宋、元的快速发展 ,成为中国绘画史上很有影响力的一个画派。禅与文人画平行发展 ,相互影响 ,互相渗透 ,禅宗思想在文人画中有了相当重要的地位。文人作画 ,乃在于笔墨韵味 ,借物抒发“灵性”或个人抱负。其创作旨在与表现 ,借以解脱自我。同时 ,特别注意水墨所带来的禅意 ,直至后来直接“以画喻禅” ,进而导致思禅、参禅。

The social situation of the Mid-Tang Dynasty provided the breeding ground for Chan Since then,the Chan sect began to have great influence on the Chinese ideological history.Scholar's paintings came into being at that time and developed at high speed during Song and Yuan Dynasty.It became an influential painting group in the Chinese painting history.Chan and scholar's paintings developed simultaneously,influenced and permeated each other.The Chan secthad an important position in the scholar's paintings.When scholars painted,they put much emphasis on pen and ink's lingering charm.They painted to convey the sagacity or their own ambition.Their purpose was to express,thus,they tried to mukti themselves.Meanwhile,they paid much attention to the meaning of Chna,which the paintings showed.Later,they explained Chan by paintings directly and then meditated and tried to reach understanding of Chan.