对“徽州盐商垄断”说的商榷

A Study of "Monopoly to Huizhou Salt Tradesmen

明清时期的徽州盐商,不但在浙盐经营中占重要位置,而且与西北商人一起,构成当时中国第一大盐种——淮盐的经营主体。但朝廷只是为了自身完成从专制性经营到专制性收税的演变,而调动民间商人资本和劳力的积极性,它并未把对盐资源及其商品的垄断权交给商人(或与商人分享)。本文以明清淮盐经营中的三个阶段——开中盐法的实施及嬗变、明万历四十五年的纲运化,以及道光十二年的北盐改行票制为中心进行讨论,从而证实徽州盐商与当时的众多盐商一样,都不是垄断性商人。

Huizhou Salt tradesmen in the periods of the Ming and the Qing Dynasties were not only important on marketing Zhe salt but also a main body of Huai salt. The writer thinks that Huizhou salt tradesmen as other tradesmen were not monopoly tradesmen.