政府干预和市场机制在降低中国药品价格中的作用

The role of government intervention and market competition in the reduction of drug price

本文对近年来中国实行的直接和间接药品价格改革的政策进行了回顾 ,总结了药品降价、招标采购、药品收支两条线管理 ,平价药房等政策的成绩 ,存在的问题和争论的焦点。从理论上分析了药品降价和药品资源配置上政府失灵和市场失灵的主要原因。最后提出了在中国应以循证决策为基础 ,制定出符合我国国情的。

The paper reviews the direct and indirect policies of drug price reduction in China in the recent decade. The achievements, issues and arguments of some policies are illustrated,such as price reduction, bulk purchasing, separation of drug revenues and expenses in the hospitals and the low-price pharmacies, etc. The paper describes the main reasons of government failure and market failure in drug price setting and pharmaceutical resource allocation. Finally, the author reveals the importance of evidence-based policy making in China, which will formulate a feasible drug price policy to suit the situation of China’s market economy.