自然保护与郊野游憩

Natural Conservation and Recreational Resorts in Suburbs and Countryside

文章对适合于中国实际情况的“岛屿理论”、“环境容量”和“游憩地等级理论”进行了探讨.认为,岛屿理论和游憩地等级理论可用来进行国土规划或区域规划,环境容量较适用于特定区域的规划和管理.根据游憩地等级理论,可将我国的游憩地划分为庭园;城市公园;自然风景区、保护区;郊野乡村;边远区域5大类。作者对中国如何解决好游憩与自然保护之间的关系问题提出了建议.

Nowadays nature reserves and national parks in the world total over 4,000.They not only afford protection to natural environment, but also provide pleasantrecreational resorts. However, in recent years, along with the rapid increase in thenumber of tourists, more and more conflicts occur between recreational activities andenvironmental protection. Extensive and systematic researches on these conflicts havebeen conducted by scholars and experts in USA, Canada and other countries, re-sulting in emergence of many new theories. The paper reports on the discussion or thesetheories such as 'Island Theory', 'Environmental Accommodation Theory' and the'Theory on Classes of Recreational Resorts' that may be well adapted in China. It issuggested that the 'Island Theory' and 'Theory on Classes or Recreational Resorts'may be used in reallocation of national or regional land. 'Environmental Accommoda-tion Theory' is useful in reallocation of special regional land. According to the theory onclasses of recreational resorts, the recreational resorts in China may be classified intocourts, urban parks, national scenic spots, nature reserves, villages in countrysideand distant frontier areas. The first two in cities are easily accessible.