目标经营——介绍一种森林经营方法

Management by Objective——A Method of Forest Management

本文介绍了德国和奥地利提倡的一种现代森林经营方法——目标经营,着重阐述了目标经营的特点、方法和判读疏伐的效果.作者认为,我国应借鉴国外经验,走集约经营森林的道路.

This article describes a modern forest management system-management byobjective which has been adopted in the Western European countries such as Austria andGermany. Its characteristics are: objective trees are selected for culture in the first thin-ning; stand improvement and intermediate felling in all management activities are de-termined in accordance with the growth and development of the objective trees and theimpact of surrounding trees on them during the growing period. The main steps involvedin the system are: objective is set on basis of the requirement and specification or woodproduct and the bioiogical characteristies of tree growth; suitable stands in whichenough objective trees can be found are selected.Objective trees are chosen on the follow-ing principles: trees are predominant in the stands with vigorous growth and intactstem, without big branches and are evenly distributed in the stands with a H / D valuebelow 80. The principal mode of intermeidate felling is thinning by interpretation.