森林在环境和发展中的作用与地位

The Role and Position of Forests in Environment and Development

本文阐述了森林在环境和发展中的作用及地位,其主要表现在3个方面:森林是全球生态环境问题的核心;森林是环境与经济协调持续发展的关键;森林是人类赖以生存和创造文明的基础.文章论述了国际社会对上述3个问题的研究成果、结论和应用.

At present, environment and development have been the important issueswhich attract most concern of human society and urgently need to be solved. The forestplays key role in environment and development which can be seen in three main aspects.(1) Tradionally, the forest problems were placed on the same position as ecologicalenvironment problems such as green house effect, bio-diversity conservation, soil ero-sion, spreading of desertification, soil degradation and water resources crisis, etc.,whereas the progress of modern sciences has raised the position of forests which are con-sidered as a kernel of all problems in ecological environment. (2) Starting from1950's, thc international society has made cxplorations in three areas in relation to for-est around sustained development; It was found that though the strategies for sustaineddevelopment can be different among countries, the four basic principles closely relatedto forest must be followed, therefore, the forest is a key element in environment andsustained development of economy. (3) Now, the international society has tried tounderstand the role and position of the forests from viewpoint of human destiny and fu- ture of the earth. because history and recent practice show that the forest is a cradle ofmankind and its civilization. The forest can not only promote development of mankindand its civilization, but also destroy a thousand-year civilization in a moment.