“2001.4.6”宁夏沙尘暴过程卫星图像分析

Satellite Image Analysis on Dust Storm Process in Ningxia on April 6, 2001

利用日本GMS-5地球同步气象卫星资料,结合常规气象资料,对2001年4月6日发生于宁夏的一次沙尘暴天气过程的影响系统、物理机制、运动学特征、发展演变过程和地形作用等进行了分析。结果表明:在GMS卫星图像上,这次过程有明显的特征,通过图像处理可以得到更多的细节信息。结合实测资料的分析表明:这次沙尘暴天气是高空强西北气流和地面急行冷锋共同影响的天气过程,在卫星云图上其热力与动力过程有明显的反映,而且随着时间的变化其作用不同。三种不同的地形在这次过程中具有不同的效应。这些结果对深入认识沙尘暴天气过程,提高监测预报能力有重要意义。

Combining with conventional synoptic information, and using the GMS-5 geostationary satellite data, the synoptic system, physical mechanics, developing characteristics and topographic effect of dust storm event in Ningxia happened on April 6, 2001 have been analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) This event can be seen clearly on the satellite images, the movement of the leading edge can be easily identified. (2) This case is a combined result of strong northwest wind in higher altitude and a quick moving surface cold front. (3) The dynamical and thermal effects can be identified on the images, and their roles change with time. (4) The topographic effect is a very important fact in the evolution of dust storm. These are of important significance in the prediction of dust storm.