宗教和神秘主义的人类学根源

The Anthropological Root of the Religion and the Mysticism

不同于其他动物,人类有时间意识和思考的能力。这就意味着,人类意识到自己对运气的依赖。宗教证实了这种依赖的感觉。今天,建立在超越人类的人格性存在基础上的宗教信仰已不再可能。不同于宗教的是,神秘主义通过放弃自身的愿望寻找精神的宁静。神秘主义,正如其印度和中国模式所展现的那样,是独立于宗教信仰的,其根本特点在于放弃人的自我中心主义。这一点将通过对道家的解释来阐明。

In contrast to other animals, human beings have a consciousness of time and the capacity to deliberate. This implies that they are conscious of depending on luck. Religions satisfy this feeling of dependence. Today, religious belief in superhuman personal beings is no longer possible. Mysticism, in contrast, consists in the search for peace of mind, and this is being attained by stepping back from one's wishes. Mysticism is, as can be seen in its Indian and Chinese forms, independent of religious belief. It consists primarily in relinquishing one's egocentricity. At the end of the paper this is being illustrated by an interpretation of Taoism.