汽车动力总成橡胶隔振器弹性特性的有限元分析

Finite Element Analysis of Elastic Characteristics of Rubber Isolator for Automotive Powertrain Systems

本文以汽车动力总成液阻悬置的橡胶主簧为研究对象,探讨了橡胶隔振器弹性特性的有限元分析方法。文中介绍了橡胶有限元分析的基本理论,论述了建立橡胶超弹性特性本构关系时试验数据的获取方法,并对由不同橡胶本构模型拟合试验数据的结果进行了分析。对一轿车发动机液阻悬置的橡胶主簧在三个垂直方向的力 位移特性进行了有限元分析,并和实测结果进行了对比分析,计算了橡胶主簧的静、动态应力,结果可用于其强度的分析,讨论了橡胶主簧静态弹性特性有限元分析计算结果与单元特性的关系。文中所述的方法也可用于其它橡胶产品的分析。

Taking the rubber spring of a hydraulic engine mount for car powertrain as an example, the method for Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of rubber isolators is studied in this paper. The fundamental theory for the FEA of rubber components is reviewed, and the experimental method for obtaining the constants of the hyperelastic material constitutive model is presented. The calculated stress versus strain relationships from different rubber constitutive models are discussed and compared with the experiment. The estimated stiffness of the rubber spring from FEA in the three-perpendicular directions are compared favorably with experiment data. The static and dynamic stresses in the rubber spring are also predicted by the FEA, and the results can be used for the rubber spring's strength estimation. The relationships between the FEA results, of the rubber isolators and the element characteristics are investigated, which provides some instructions in choosing the element properties.