救赎的不可能——鲁迅、张爱玲和巴金创作上的互文性

Impossibility of Redemption ——Intertextuality in the Works of Lu Xun、Eileen-Zhang and Ba Jin

现代启蒙者一直确信个体和整个社会被救赎的可能性,个性自由和社会进步的积极前景也一直被评论家阐发为“五四”以来新文学作品的主流和本质。然而,在鲁迅、张爱玲和巴金的作品中,儿童的成长轨迹和成人的生存状态相互映照相互阐发,显示出启蒙者自身也处在双重的困境中;而个体人物所具有的哲学上的共相显现,更明证了救赎的可能性从一开始就是微乎其微的,救赎的逻辑起点根本就是悖谬的。同时,三位作家对于启蒙的深刻思考,更使得他们的创作具有了本质上的互文性。

Modern enlighteners are always convinced of the possibility of redemption of society and the humankind. Critics regard the optimistic prospects of individual freedom and social progress as the mainstream and essence of the literature since May Fourth Movement. However, in the works of Lu Xun, Eileen Chung and Ba Jin, the growth of children and the condition of existence of adults reflect and contrast with each other. That indicates that the enlighteners themselves are also in dual predicament. The universal manifestation of the individual's existence in philosophy proves it more clearly that the possibility of redemption is very small at the very start, and the whole ratiocination is illogically based. At the same time, the three writers' deep thinking of enlightenment endowed their writing with intertextuality in essence.